A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The monarch butterfly (danaus plexippus) is a milkweed butterfly (subfamily danainae), in the family nymphalidae. It is perhaps the best known of all north american butterflies. Its wings feature an easily recognizable orange and black pattern, with a wingspan of 8.9–10.2 centimetres (3½–4 in).(the viceroy butterfly has a similar size, color, and pattern, but can be distinguished by an extra black stripe across the hind wing.) female monarchs have darker veins on their wings, and the males have a spot called the "androconium" in the center of each hind wing from which pheromones are released. Males are also slightly larger